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욕지도https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/05/us/politics/russia-north-korea-artillery.html?searchResultPosition=1
Russia Is Buying North Korean Artillery, According to U.S. Intelligence
Moscow’s purchase of millions of shells and rockets from North Korea is a sign that global sanctions have hampered the Russian military’s supply lines.
Julian E. Barnes
By Julian E. Barnes
Sept. 5, 2022
WASHINGTON — Russia is buying millions of artillery shells and rockets from North Korea, according to newly declassified American intelligence, a sign that global sanctions have severely restricted its supply chains and forced Moscow to turn to pariah states for military supplies.
The disclosure comes days after Russia received initial shipments of Iranian-made drones, some of which American officials said had mechanical problems. U.S. government officials said Russia’s decision to turn to Iran, and now North Korea, was a sign that sanctions and export controls imposed by the United States and Europe were hurting Moscow’s ability to obtain supplies for its army.
The United States provided few details from the declassified intelligence about the exact weaponry, timing or size of the shipment, and there is no way yet to independently verify the sale. A U.S. official said that, beyond short-range rockets and artillery shells, Russia was expected to try to purchase additional North Korean equipment going forward.
“The Kremlin should be alarmed that it has to buy anything at all from North Korea,” said Mason Clark, who leads the Russia team at the Institute for the Study of War.
Before Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the White House began declassifying intelligence reports about Moscow’s military plans — then disclosing that material, first to allies privately and then to the public. After something of a lull in the disclosures, the American government has once again begun declassifying information to highlight the struggles of Russia’s military, including the recent intelligence about the purchase of Iranian drones and the Russian army’s problems recruiting soldiers.
Broad economic sanctions, at least so far, have not crippled Russia. Energy prices, driven up by the invasion, have filled its treasury and enabled Moscow to blunt the fallout of its banks being cut off from international finance and curbs on exports and imports. Sanctions against individual Russian oligarchs also have failed to undercut the power of President Vladimir V. Putin.
But American officials said that, when it came to Russia’s ability to rebuild its military, the economic actions of Europe and the United States had been effective. American and European sanctions have blocked Russia’s ability to buy weaponry, or electronics to make that weaponry.
Moscow had hoped that China would be willing to buck those export controls and continue to supply the Russian military. But in recent days, American officials have said that while China was willing to buy Russian oil at a discount, Beijing, at least so far, has respected the export controls aimed at Moscow’s military and not tried to sell either military equipment or components.
Tending to Grass, and to Grief, on a Tennis Court in Iowa
Gina Raimondo, the commerce secretary, has repeatedly warned China that if Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation, China’s largest computer chip maker, or other companies violate sanctions against Russia, the United States will effectively shut down those businesses, cutting off their access to the American technology they need to make semiconductors.
ADVERTISEMENT
Continue reading the main story
With most countries treading carefully in the face of American pressure, Russia has focused its deal making on Iran and North Korea.
It is unclear how much the purchasing from North Korea has to do with the export controls, however. There is nothing high-tech in a 152-millimeter artillery shell or a Katyusha-style rocket that North Korea produces, said Frederick W. Kagan, a military expert at the American Enterprise Institute.
A U.S. official said the new deal with North Korea showed the desperation in Moscow. And Mr. Kagan said turning to North Korea was a sign that Russia was seemingly unable to produce the simplest matériel needed to wage war.
“The only reason the Kremlin should have to buy artillery shells or rockets from North Korea or anyone is because Putin has been unwilling or unable to mobilize the Russian economy for war at even the most basic level,” Mr. Kagan said.
Restricting Russia’s military supply chain is a central part of the American strategy to weaken Moscow, with the aim to hamper both its war effort in Ukraine and its future ability to threaten its neighbors.
It has been clear for months, both from Russian operations in Ukraine and disclosures by the U.S. government, that Moscow has struggled with its high-tech weaponry. Precision-guided weaponry, like cruise missiles, has experienced high rates of failure. In the early stages of the war, half or more of those weapons either failed to fire or failed to hit their targets.
Russian stocks of those precision weapons have also been depleted, forcing generals to rely less often on missiles and instead build their strategy around a brutal artillery assault that has laid waste to towns in Ukraine’s eastern region.
The disclosure that Russia is seeking more artillery ammunition is a sign that Moscow’s supply problems are likely deeper than just high-end components for cutting-edge tanks or precision missiles. If Russia is seeking more artillery shells from North Korea, it is facing a shortage or could see one in the future, and its industrial base is struggling to meet the military demands of the war.
“This is very likely an indication of a massive failure of the Russian military industrial complex that likely has deep roots and very serious implications for the Russian armed forces,” Mr. Kagan said.
In recent weeks, Ukraine has stepped up its assault on Russian ammunition depots. Ukraine’s forces have used the American High Mobility Artillery Rocket System, or HIMARS, and U.S. intelligence reports, to strike behind the front lines and destroy ammunition caches.
While it is not clear what impact that offensive has had on overall stocks of ammunition, Russia was forced to pull back and move its ammunition storage points, reducing the effectiveness of its artillery forces.
There have also been signs that the effectiveness of some Russian artillery shells has been degraded because of storage problems or poor maintenance of its ammunition stocks. To be most effective at wounding opposing troops, artillery shells burst in the air, just before they hit the ground. But the crater pattern created by Russian artillery forces over the summer showed that many of their shells were exploding on the ground, reducing the damage to Ukrainian trenches.
While the condition of North Korean artillery shells is not clear, the country has extensive stocks of the ammunition.
Julian E. Barnes is a national security reporter based in Washington, covering the intelligence agencies. Before joining The Times in 2018, he wrote about security matters for The Wall Street Journal.
Russia Is Buying North Korean Artillery, According to U.S. Intelligence
Moscow’s purchase of millions of shells and rockets from North Korea is a sign that global sanctions have hampered the Russian military’s supply lines.
Julian E. Barnes
By Julian E. Barnes
Sept. 5, 2022
WASHINGTON — Russia is buying millions of artillery shells and rockets from North Korea, according to newly declassified American intelligence, a sign that global sanctions have severely restricted its supply chains and forced Moscow to turn to pariah states for military supplies.
The disclosure comes days after Russia received initial shipments of Iranian-made drones, some of which American officials said had mechanical problems. U.S. government officials said Russia’s decision to turn to Iran, and now North Korea, was a sign that sanctions and export controls imposed by the United States and Europe were hurting Moscow’s ability to obtain supplies for its army.
The United States provided few details from the declassified intelligence about the exact weaponry, timing or size of the shipment, and there is no way yet to independently verify the sale. A U.S. official said that, beyond short-range rockets and artillery shells, Russia was expected to try to purchase additional North Korean equipment going forward.
“The Kremlin should be alarmed that it has to buy anything at all from North Korea,” said Mason Clark, who leads the Russia team at the Institute for the Study of War.
Before Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the White House began declassifying intelligence reports about Moscow’s military plans — then disclosing that material, first to allies privately and then to the public. After something of a lull in the disclosures, the American government has once again begun declassifying information to highlight the struggles of Russia’s military, including the recent intelligence about the purchase of Iranian drones and the Russian army’s problems recruiting soldiers.
Broad economic sanctions, at least so far, have not crippled Russia. Energy prices, driven up by the invasion, have filled its treasury and enabled Moscow to blunt the fallout of its banks being cut off from international finance and curbs on exports and imports. Sanctions against individual Russian oligarchs also have failed to undercut the power of President Vladimir V. Putin.
But American officials said that, when it came to Russia’s ability to rebuild its military, the economic actions of Europe and the United States had been effective. American and European sanctions have blocked Russia’s ability to buy weaponry, or electronics to make that weaponry.
Moscow had hoped that China would be willing to buck those export controls and continue to supply the Russian military. But in recent days, American officials have said that while China was willing to buy Russian oil at a discount, Beijing, at least so far, has respected the export controls aimed at Moscow’s military and not tried to sell either military equipment or components.
Tending to Grass, and to Grief, on a Tennis Court in Iowa
Gina Raimondo, the commerce secretary, has repeatedly warned China that if Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation, China’s largest computer chip maker, or other companies violate sanctions against Russia, the United States will effectively shut down those businesses, cutting off their access to the American technology they need to make semiconductors.
ADVERTISEMENT
Continue reading the main story
With most countries treading carefully in the face of American pressure, Russia has focused its deal making on Iran and North Korea.
It is unclear how much the purchasing from North Korea has to do with the export controls, however. There is nothing high-tech in a 152-millimeter artillery shell or a Katyusha-style rocket that North Korea produces, said Frederick W. Kagan, a military expert at the American Enterprise Institute.
A U.S. official said the new deal with North Korea showed the desperation in Moscow. And Mr. Kagan said turning to North Korea was a sign that Russia was seemingly unable to produce the simplest matériel needed to wage war.
“The only reason the Kremlin should have to buy artillery shells or rockets from North Korea or anyone is because Putin has been unwilling or unable to mobilize the Russian economy for war at even the most basic level,” Mr. Kagan said.
Restricting Russia’s military supply chain is a central part of the American strategy to weaken Moscow, with the aim to hamper both its war effort in Ukraine and its future ability to threaten its neighbors.
It has been clear for months, both from Russian operations in Ukraine and disclosures by the U.S. government, that Moscow has struggled with its high-tech weaponry. Precision-guided weaponry, like cruise missiles, has experienced high rates of failure. In the early stages of the war, half or more of those weapons either failed to fire or failed to hit their targets.
Russian stocks of those precision weapons have also been depleted, forcing generals to rely less often on missiles and instead build their strategy around a brutal artillery assault that has laid waste to towns in Ukraine’s eastern region.
The disclosure that Russia is seeking more artillery ammunition is a sign that Moscow’s supply problems are likely deeper than just high-end components for cutting-edge tanks or precision missiles. If Russia is seeking more artillery shells from North Korea, it is facing a shortage or could see one in the future, and its industrial base is struggling to meet the military demands of the war.
“This is very likely an indication of a massive failure of the Russian military industrial complex that likely has deep roots and very serious implications for the Russian armed forces,” Mr. Kagan said.
In recent weeks, Ukraine has stepped up its assault on Russian ammunition depots. Ukraine’s forces have used the American High Mobility Artillery Rocket System, or HIMARS, and U.S. intelligence reports, to strike behind the front lines and destroy ammunition caches.
While it is not clear what impact that offensive has had on overall stocks of ammunition, Russia was forced to pull back and move its ammunition storage points, reducing the effectiveness of its artillery forces.
There have also been signs that the effectiveness of some Russian artillery shells has been degraded because of storage problems or poor maintenance of its ammunition stocks. To be most effective at wounding opposing troops, artillery shells burst in the air, just before they hit the ground. But the crater pattern created by Russian artillery forces over the summer showed that many of their shells were exploding on the ground, reducing the damage to Ukrainian trenches.
While the condition of North Korean artillery shells is not clear, the country has extensive stocks of the ammunition.
Julian E. Barnes is a national security reporter based in Washington, covering the intelligence agencies. Before joining The Times in 2018, he wrote about security matters for The Wall Street Journal.
욕지도https://www.chosun.com/opinion/editorial/2022/09/07/36G6BHIBLNHL3ECL2BG5O2YTOE/
[사설] 동맹보다 자국 이익 우선은 불변의 진리, 대처 못한 게 문제
조선일보
입력 2022.09.07 03:14
조 바이든 미국 대통령이 노동절 연설에서 “한국 기업 대표가 미국에 투자하려는 이유를 뭐라 설명했는지 아느냐. 우리가 전 세계에서 가장 안전한 환경과 가장 우수한 노동자를 보유하고 있기 때문이라고 했다”고 말했다. ‘인플레이션 감축법’을 강행해 현대·기아차가 미국에서 판매하는 전기차에 대해 보조금 지급을 끊은 나라의 대통령이 할 말은 아닐 것이다.
올해 들어 우리 4대 그룹이 발표한 대미 투자액만 80조원에 달한다. 삼성전자는 텍사스주에 첨단 반도체 공장을 짓기로 했고 현대차는 전기차 공장을, SK·LG그룹은 배터리 등의 투자 계획을 발표했다. 올해 미국에서 외국인 직접투자와 리쇼어링(생산시설의 국내 이전)으로 만들어진 신규 일자리가 약 35만개인데, 그중 한국 기업이 만든 것이 3만5403개에 달해 기여도 1위다. 바이든 정부의 ‘공급망 재구축’ 정책에 적극 협조한 것이다.
바이든 대통령은 한국 기업들이 투자 계획을 내놓을 때마다 감사 인사를 아끼지 않았다. 3년간 290억달러 투자 계획을 밝힌 최태원 SK회장을 백악관에 초대해 “생큐 토니(최 회장의 미국 이름)”를 세 번 연발했고, 지난 5월 방한 때는 전용기에서 내리자마자 삼성전자 평택 공장부터 찾아가 이재용 부회장에게 투자 세일즈를 벌였다. 정의선 현대차 회장이 전기차 공장 등에 105억달러를 투자하겠다고 하자 “우리는 당신을 실망시키지 않을 것”이라고 했다. 그래 놓고 석 달도 안 돼 현대차의 전기차 보조금 혜택을 박탈하는 법안을 만들었다.
한국 정부는 바이든이 제창한 IPEF(인도·태평양 경제 프레임 워크)와 ‘칩4 반도체 동맹’ 등에 참여 중이고, 한국 기업들은 대규모 투자로 미국 내 공급망 구축에 중요한 역할을 했다. 바이든 대통령은 민주 국가 연대를 요구해왔다. 그래 놓고 실제로는 ‘미국 우선주의’를 내세우며 동맹국에 불이익을 주고 있다.
동맹보다 자국의 이익을 우선하는 것은 세계 모든 나라에 공통된 현상이다. 한국도 마찬가지다. 중요한 것은 미국의 움직임을 미리 파악해 대처하는 능력이다. 우리 정부가 뒤늦게 미국으로 달려가 행정부와 의회 관계자들과 접촉하고 있지만 미국의 11월 중간 선거 이후에나 법 개정을 생각해 볼 수 있는 상황이다. 미국도 한국 산업계의 어려움을 외면할 수는 없는 만큼 철저한 준비와 논리로 미국을 설득해 문제를 해결해 나가야 한다.
[사설] 동맹보다 자국 이익 우선은 불변의 진리, 대처 못한 게 문제
조선일보
입력 2022.09.07 03:14
조 바이든 미국 대통령이 노동절 연설에서 “한국 기업 대표가 미국에 투자하려는 이유를 뭐라 설명했는지 아느냐. 우리가 전 세계에서 가장 안전한 환경과 가장 우수한 노동자를 보유하고 있기 때문이라고 했다”고 말했다. ‘인플레이션 감축법’을 강행해 현대·기아차가 미국에서 판매하는 전기차에 대해 보조금 지급을 끊은 나라의 대통령이 할 말은 아닐 것이다.
올해 들어 우리 4대 그룹이 발표한 대미 투자액만 80조원에 달한다. 삼성전자는 텍사스주에 첨단 반도체 공장을 짓기로 했고 현대차는 전기차 공장을, SK·LG그룹은 배터리 등의 투자 계획을 발표했다. 올해 미국에서 외국인 직접투자와 리쇼어링(생산시설의 국내 이전)으로 만들어진 신규 일자리가 약 35만개인데, 그중 한국 기업이 만든 것이 3만5403개에 달해 기여도 1위다. 바이든 정부의 ‘공급망 재구축’ 정책에 적극 협조한 것이다.
바이든 대통령은 한국 기업들이 투자 계획을 내놓을 때마다 감사 인사를 아끼지 않았다. 3년간 290억달러 투자 계획을 밝힌 최태원 SK회장을 백악관에 초대해 “생큐 토니(최 회장의 미국 이름)”를 세 번 연발했고, 지난 5월 방한 때는 전용기에서 내리자마자 삼성전자 평택 공장부터 찾아가 이재용 부회장에게 투자 세일즈를 벌였다. 정의선 현대차 회장이 전기차 공장 등에 105억달러를 투자하겠다고 하자 “우리는 당신을 실망시키지 않을 것”이라고 했다. 그래 놓고 석 달도 안 돼 현대차의 전기차 보조금 혜택을 박탈하는 법안을 만들었다.
한국 정부는 바이든이 제창한 IPEF(인도·태평양 경제 프레임 워크)와 ‘칩4 반도체 동맹’ 등에 참여 중이고, 한국 기업들은 대규모 투자로 미국 내 공급망 구축에 중요한 역할을 했다. 바이든 대통령은 민주 국가 연대를 요구해왔다. 그래 놓고 실제로는 ‘미국 우선주의’를 내세우며 동맹국에 불이익을 주고 있다.
동맹보다 자국의 이익을 우선하는 것은 세계 모든 나라에 공통된 현상이다. 한국도 마찬가지다. 중요한 것은 미국의 움직임을 미리 파악해 대처하는 능력이다. 우리 정부가 뒤늦게 미국으로 달려가 행정부와 의회 관계자들과 접촉하고 있지만 미국의 11월 중간 선거 이후에나 법 개정을 생각해 볼 수 있는 상황이다. 미국도 한국 산업계의 어려움을 외면할 수는 없는 만큼 철저한 준비와 논리로 미국을 설득해 문제를 해결해 나가야 한다.
김유연일전에 13사전신청해서 쓰고잇는데. 14프로신청했습니다. 기대되네요...ㅎㅎ
오송화요가신청합니다
정봉연안녕하세요. 14프로 두대 예약했습니다!! 신속하게 부탁드릴께요^^